<span>a. haustorial roots</span>. Haustorial roots are found in parasitic plants like mistletoe and parasitic fungi. Its role is drawing nutrients by penetrating host's tissue.
the leaves.
there is more surface area = more sunlight for chloroplasts
Prokaryotes are the same as bacteria. So the answer is c., bacteria.
The first one was Democritus in the time of Ancient Greece. At the time he had no evidence though, just a lucky guess made by him.