The four component of environmental science are the solid Earth (lithosphere), its water (hydrosphere), its air (atmosphere) and its living organisms.
The lithosphere constitutes the superficial part of the earth and forms the rigid plates of plate tectonics.
The hydrosphere refers to areas of the globe occupied by water or ice. This definition therefore includes: oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, glaciers, polar ice caps and groundwater.
The Earth's atmosphere is the layer of gas and particles that surround our planet.
Living beings are all organisms that populate our planet (animals, fungi, bacteria, plants ...), and are endowed with life.
Their relation with the lake ecosystem:
Aquatic ecosystems are home to living communities that depend on water for food, reproduction, hiding, moving, and even breathing through gases dissolved in water from the atmosphere.
The lake is a freshwater reservoir of varying depth and extent. The circulation of water is low.
The littoral zone (lithosphere) is a band around the lake generally covered with vegetation. It extends into the lake. It is a very productive environment where you can find aquatic plants, spawning grounds, and so on. This part of the lake is influenced by both light and its bottom (made up of sediments).
The pit (lithosphere) is the deepest part of the lake.
