Answer:
its because of gravity of earth.
The First sentence is where the quotation is used correctly- quotations is used with the titles of literary works and not with the name of the writers.
Complex sentence should be the answer
The correct answer is 4) A logical appeal based on facts and reason.
An argument has to be based on facts which are correct - you shouldn't base your argument on incorrect information because then you will look stupid. Also, you should apply reason why forming an argument in order to make it sound sane and plausible for everyone to understand and perhaps agree with you.
