Answer:
Opportunity costs are defined as the additional costs or benefits lost from choosing one activity or investment over another alternative. It is a relative concept because you cannot be 100% sure that the other investments or activities would have yielded a specific gain.
For example, when you calculate the economic cost of starting your own business, you consider your current salary as an opportunity cost. But what happens if you get fired (or the company closes), your opportunity cost would have been $0? Or how can you exactly measure your future salaries? Maybe in a couple of years you get promoted to manager, or maybe not?
The same applies to economies, since the opportunity cost of producing certain tradable goods is not always fixed, it might decrease or increase due to productivity or efficiency changes. But in order to calculate or determine we must include the most probable option.
In microeconomics, a strictly convex production possibilities frontier function must include a combination of both goods. In strict convexity, the second derivative f''(x) ˃ 0, so the PFF curve cannot be straight, it must have a slope.
When we calculate the opportunity costs of PPF, we usually try to determine which product has the lowest opportunity cost, but that is not an interior solution because both goods are not being produced (the curve is not strictly convex). On a strictly convex curve, as you approach the extremes the opportunity cost of producing one good is high, but on the center the opportunity cost is much lower.
Companies that try to act in a socially responsible way are likely to focus on such activities as increasing the diversity of their workforce, providing safety equipment and training for their workers using recyclable packaging.
<h3>How can companies act in a
socially responsible way ?</h3>
Companies that are trying to act in a socially responsible way would take steps to ensure that they protect labour, employ more minority groups and take steps to protect the environment. Companies that are trying to act in a socially responsible way often adopt ESG factors in their decision making processes.
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Answer: Incremental innovation ( answer for both the blanks)
Explanation: In simple words, incremental innovation refers to the process under which small improvement are made to the current practices of business. Such improvements through innovation results in better products and services offerings.
Such small changes however occur in large volumes and can easily revolutionize any industry.
The statement "The Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002 was created to protect consumers against false advertising by monopolies." is false.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act placed the obligation of responsibility for a company's financial reporting squarely on the shoulders of its top executives in order to safeguard investors from corporate accounting fraud.
It required chief executive officers (CEOs) and chief financial officers (CFOs) to personally attest to the correctness of the information in financial reports and to affirm that controls and procedures were in place to evaluate and verify that accuracy.
In reality, CEOs and CFOs had to personally certify that financial reports complied with Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC) rules by signing them. Failure to comply with this might result in fines of up to $15 million and 20-year prison terms.
Hence, the given statement is false.
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Answer:
b. It may be used to estimate inventories for interim statements.
Explanation:
As we know that
Gross profit = Sales - the cost of goods sold
By doing the inventory valuation through the gross profit method, it estimated inventories for interim statements as these statements are covering the financial information that is less than a year so that the proper analysis could be made and in this, no auditing is required.
Therefore, for interim statements, the gross profit method is required.
