It would be d. conjunctions because they help your sentence flow easily.
Answer:
A. gerund
Explanation:
The phrase in the question is a gerund phrase.
Gerund phrases are marked by verbs with the "ing" ending, and in general terms, they represent an action in course.
The pharse in the question starts with "By singing the song...", thus, it is a gerund phrase.
the answer is a. diphthog
D. Students. It would affect the student body the most, and I doubt teachers would like to or need to "take a stand on what you wear". Hope this helps :)