Answer:
e) Lamarck
Explanation:
Lamarck stated that traits could be acquired due to the use or disuse of a certain structure, for example: if giraffes were trying to reach leaves this would cause their necks to elongate and the trait would pass onto the next generation in other words organisms could change by what organisms want or need. In the 1880s, the German biologist August Weismann disproved this theory.
It depends on where your going and how many people are going to the trip. But in my opinion I think about 3 times because you need to make stops when you need to use the restroom and when your hungry.
Sorry if I am not right :(
I hope I helped you have a great day :)