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nlexa [21]
2 years ago
7

A business manager finds that the building expense each month is completely uncorrelated with revenue levels. What should the bu

siness manager assume about this cost?
Business
1 answer:
Westkost [7]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The business manager should assume that the building expense is fixed.

Explanation:

Fixed costs are not correlated with the revenue levels.  Within the relevant range, fixed costs remain constant.  They do not vary with the activity levels as variable costs do.  For example, a manufacturer must pay for rent, repairs and maintenance, and utility bills irrespective of the revenue levels at which it is operating.  This is why the business manager always discovers that the building expense each month does not correlate with the revenue levels, unlike the product's variable costs.

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Match the threats in the left column to appropriate control procedures in the right col-umn. More than one control may be applic
marshall27 [118]

Answer: Please refer to Explanation

Explanation:

When there are no or relatively low control procedures in a company, there is a threat of financial mismanagement and misdemeanors. This is why control procedures are needed, to address this and stop the leakage of company resources.

1. Failing to take available purchase discounts for prompt payment.

d. File invoices by due date.

e. Maintain a cash budget.

Here two things can be done to control the threat. Firstly, by paying invoices during the discount period, the company can be able to take discounts on goods and services provided to it. Also by maintaining a cash budget, a company can put when a payment is due to be able to claim a discount and act accordingly.

2. Recording and posting errors in accounts payable.

Conduct an automated comparison of total change in cash to total changes in accounts payable.

Using a program to check whether the amounts in the cash account corresponds to the payments on the Accounts payable account will tell you if the amounts tally and will therefore reduce errors.

3. Paying for items not received.

Issue checks only for complete voucher packages (receiving report, supplier invoice, and purchase order).

When issuing checks, make sure that all the above mentioned reports are in order. That way you can check if the goods were delivered as well as if they were even ordered properly in the first place.

4. Kickbacks.

Require purchasing agents to disclose financial or personal interests in suppliers.

Train employees in how to properly respond to gifts or incentives offered by suppliers.

By requiring that purchase agents disclose their relationships with suppliers, you can monitor to check and see if there is a possibility of kickbacks occuring.

Also, by training employees on acceptable methods of receiving gifts, they can know when it is no longer a gift but rather a kickback.

5. Theft of inventory.

b. Document all transfers of inventory. c. Restrict physical access to inventory.

By documenting all transfers going in and out of inventory, the true inventory figure can be known from the records and then used to match with the actual inventory to see if they truly tally.

Restricting the amount of people who have access to the inventory to a few trusted people also limits the amount of people who can steal the inventory as well as making it easier to find out who did when it is done because the focus can be on a few people.

8 0
2 years ago
Basic bond valuation Complex Systems has an outstanding issue of ​$1 comma 000​-par-value bonds with a 16​% coupon interest rate
salantis [7]

Answer:

a. Complex Systems' bond price​ today = $1,476.36

Explanation:

a. If bonds of similar risk are currently earning a rate of return of 9​%, how much should the Complex Systems bond sell for​ today?

This can be calculated by adding the Present Value of Coupons and the Present Value of Par Value as follows:

<u>Calculation of Present Value of Coupons</u>

The present of coupons is calculated using the formula for calculating the present value of an ordinary annuity as follows:

Present value of coupons = C × [{1 - [1 ÷ (1 + r)]^n} ÷ r] …………………………………. (1)

Where;

C = Annual coupon amount = Par value * Coupon rate = $1,000 * 16% = $160

r = required rate of return or return of similar risk = 9%, or 0.09

n = number of years = 11

Substitute the values into equation (1) to have:

Present value of coupons = $160 × [{1 - [1 ÷ (1 + 0.09)]^11} ÷ 0.09] = $1,088.83

<u>Calculation of Present Par of Value</u>

To calculate this, we use the present value formula as follows:

Present Value of Par Value = Par value / (1 + r)^n

Since Par Value is $1000 and r and n are as already given above, we have:

Present value of Par Value = $1,000 / (1 + 0.09)^11 = $387.53

Therefore, we have:

Complex Systems' bond price​ today = Present value of coupons + Present value of Par Value = $1,088.83 + $387.53 = $1,476.36

b. Describe the two possible reasons why the rate on​ similar-risk bonds is below the coupon interest rate on the Complex Systems bond.

The following are the possible two reasons:

1. Interest may vary bust the coupon is fixed. What can cause the interest rate to vary is the bond rating by rating agency. But his will not affect the coupon rate which is fixed. When the rating is high, the interest will be low. But when the rating is low, the interest will be high. This indicates a negative relationship between the rating and the interest rate.

2. The level of demand may also influence the interest rate to change. When the demand is high, the interest will be low. But when the demand is low, the interest will be high. This also indicates a negative relationship between the demand and the interest rate.

c. If the required return were at 16​% instead of 9​%, what would the current value of Complex​ Systems' bond​ be? Contrast this finding with your findings in part a and discuss.

To do this, we simply change he required return to 16% (or 0.16) in part a and proceed as follows:

Present value of coupons at 16% = $160 × [{1 - [1 ÷ (1 + 0.16)]^11} ÷ 0.016] = $804.58

Present value of Par Value at 16% = $1,000 / (1 + 0.16)^11 = $195.42

Complex Systems' bond price​ today at 16% = $804.58 + $195.42 = $1,000.00

Comparing part c result with part a result shows that if the coupon rate is greater than the required rate of return, the bond is sold at a premium. That is, price of bond will be more than par. As it can be seen in part a, the price of bond is $1,476.36 when the coupon rate of 16% is greater than the required return of 9%.

Also, the bond will be sold at par when the coupon rate and require return are equal. This is shown in part c where the bond is sold at $1,000 when both coupon rate and required return rate are equal to 16%.

By implication, we can also infer without doing any calculation that the bond will be sold at a discount if the coupon rate is less than the required rate of return.

7 0
3 years ago
Suppose you hit a 0.058-kgkg tennis ball so that the ball then moves with an acceleration of 10 m/s2m/s2. If you were to hit a b
daser333 [38]

Answer:

1 m/s2

Explanation:

The force on a body ( which is a pull or push) is given by the formula

F = Ma

where F is the force, a is the acceleration and M the mass of the body

Therefore, given that the same force is applied to both bodies,

0.058 × 10 = 0.58 × a

a = 0.058 × 10/0.58

a = 1  m/s2

The acceleration of the basketball will be 1 m/s2.

8 0
3 years ago
PharmY, Inc., is a U.S. GAAP reporter that is in the pharmaceutical industry. In the current year, PharmY incurred expenditures
Whitepunk [10]

Answer with Explanation:

Tangible assets fall under the scope of International Accounting Standard IAS-36 Property, Plant and Equipment which says that assets that qualify following conditions, must be capitalized:

  • Assets that have life expectancy of more than a year.
  • Benefits of the Assets are controlled by the entity that will flow towards the company.

Now here, the life expectancy of laboratory equipment is unknown and also that we don't know if the asset can be resold in the market or not. This means, if the asset has life expectancy is no more than a year and that the future benefits will flow towards the company then it must be capitalized otherwise it must be expensed out as per the guidelines of International Accounting Standard IAS-38 Intangible Assets, which says that the research cost prior to the development expenditure must be expensed out.

The other two costs are revenue expenditure and must be expensed out under the name research and development cost as per the guidelines of IAS-38.

4 0
2 years ago
Assess how entrepreneurship may be a viable option to counteract unemployment​
makkiz [27]

Answer:

As we've lightly touched on already, entrepreneurial enterprises provide citizens with paying jobs in order to operate and grow. They also provide employees with the means to further grow one's own earning potential through training and on-the-job experience.

3 0
3 years ago
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