Chromosomes are the homologous chromosomes that cross over
Not all dogs hate bears but i have two awnsers.
1. the dogs are trying to protect their territory.
2. they think the bear might attack or harm their owner/ puppies.
Answer with Explanation:
Gramicidine is an antibiotic that has a polypeptide structure and is composed of 3 chains. This molecule can adopt a structure called beta 6-3 helix, so as to form a channel through the cell membrane of bacteria which allows the passage of ions (in this case cations) such as H +, K + or Na +, this situation leads to that in the cell alterations in the content of cellular cations are generated, among the effects the loss of potassium that can cause the death of the cell due to hemolysis due to alteration in the permeability of the membrane is highlighted. This effect is known as the ionophore effect.
An ionophore effect leads to the inhibition in the release of H + to the mitochondrial electronic transport chain.
Gramicidin thanks to its mechanism of action, when it produces interference specifically in a cellular organelle called mitochondria in the inner mitochondrial membrane, it is responsible for interrupting the passage of electrons, alters the gradient of H + and the performance of the enzyme called ATP- synthase which is responsible for producing ATP.
The damage that the entire previous situation produces on oxidative phosphorylation, leads to the refusal of ADP refosphorylation, then ADP and its hydrolysis products will accumulate, and finally the result will be a decrease in ATP levels.
A Mutation occurring in the population will change the allelic ratio.
<h3>What is evolution?</h3>
Evolution refers to the changes that occurs in organisms over a long period of time such that those changes results in new species better adapted to their environment and having higher specialization.
One of the factors of evolution is mutation.
According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, the allele and genotype frequencies of a population of organism in equilibrium will remain constant in the absence of evolutionary influences.
Therefore, if a mutation occurs in the population, the allelic ratio will change.
Learn more about Hardy-Weinberg principle at: brainly.com/question/1365714
