1

Add 2 to both sides:

Divide both sides by -4 (this is negative, so we have to swap the inequality sign):

2

Expand the left hand side:

Add 8 and y to both sides:

Divide both sides by 3

3-4
Nothing different from 1 and 2, apply the same logic (expand sides, gather constant and non-constant terms together, solve for the variable) and you will solve them
2/3? 1 plus 1 plus 2 equals 4. 4 over 6 can be simplified to 2/3
4/6 numbers are greater than 2
1/2 chance of flipping heads
Multiply the two fractions together to get the probability
1/2*4/6=2/6=1/3
1/3 probability
In geometry, a line segment is a part of a line that is bounded by two distinct end points, and contains every point on the line between its endpoints