In order to make the proton gradient, protons are pumped across the mitochondrial membrane at several points in the electron transport chain. However, that proton gradient is only used to make ATP by the ATP synthase, which is technically separate from the electron transport chain.
They are given generic and species/specific name
Answer:
a) Greenhouse Effect.
b) Nuclear Energy.
Explanation:
a) The Greenhouse Effect is one general effect of overuse of an environmental resource. Through this effect Earth's surface is warmed, destabilising environmental temperature. This effect is caused by the hydrocarbons overexploitation.
b) Nuclear Energy could be an option to decrease the hydrocarbons overexploitation. Even tough, nuclear energy doesn't produce that much greenhouse gases, that's why is an option that some governments are considering.
c) The earthquake that happened in Easter Island could be an indicative of environmental issues, because the greenhouse effect can produce earthquakes, due to the elevation of the Earth temperature, icebergs are melting in the Earth Poles, causing a bump effect in the Earth crust.
