The artist who drew the political cartoon of the Brooks-Sumner Affair, supported Sumner in his fight for anti-slavery. The incident between Brooks and Sumner happened during a two day-speech delivered by the latter against slavery. It was in 1856 that a senator from South Carolina named Preston Brooks attacked Massachussetts congressman known as Charles Sumner. The attacked was provoked by the anti-slavery speech delivered by the Congressman that angered Brooks. Brooks' cane in the incident has been broken while Sumner suffered serious illness due to the beating.
It led towards the partitioning of the subcontinent. If you want to learn more about the reason why this happened, it's because of their notable differences in religious perspectives. Instead of causing chaos in India, they just decided to separate the subcontinent instead.
