Answer:
it's a test used in criminology for determining the human or other source of a bloodstain.
The precipitin test identifies whether or not blood found on a crime scene is human or another species. Knowing the origin of the blood helps the forensic lab determine whose blood it is. The precipitin test can be preformed directly at the crime scene, this way you do not have to send false samples to the laboratory.
The precipitin test measures the response from the immune system of another animal by making anti-human antibodies to protect from human blood proteins.
Ordinance Is a law or decree by a municipality. Meanwhile precedent a court decision that is considered as authority for deciding subsequent cases involving identical or similar fact, or similar legal issues.
Answer:
GHB Sdn Bhd and Sandhu
The prospect for Sandhu to recover the extra commission negotiated with Ahmad during golf is very remote.
1. It was made under undue influence, when Ahmad could have lacked the capacity to make a binding contract. In addition, at that time, Sandhu disclosed that the land was being sought after by many other parties as a way of piling unnecessary pressure on Ahmad.
2. There was no intention to create a legal relation because the additional commission represents a counter-offer. Since the earlier offer was fully documented, this additional offer should have also followed the same process if the company intended to be legally bound.
3. There is lack of consideration to back this additional contract. In the first place, the main contract with Sandhu was made in view of his negotiation skills. So what is Sandhu expected to offer the company in exchange for the extra commission? Nothing.
Explanation:
GHB cannot be expected to promise 0.5% extra commission on a deal, which was equivalent to RM2 million, when an already executed contract for 3% commission had been reached. One can also claim that Ahmad, who suffered from occasional dementia, could have made the promise without the intention for it to be binding on his company but as a way of encouraging Sandhu to close the deal in favor of GHB. Was the deal closed because of the extra commission? No.
White Collar Crimes are offenses conducted by guile or concealment that involve “upper world” offenders. A better definition of white collar crime can include harmful acts which are not illegal(deviance) that are tied exclusively to violations of criminal law.
