1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
erma4kov [3.2K]
3 years ago
11

Which best describes how lenalidomine and thalidomide function in the body?

Medicine
1 answer:
gulaghasi [49]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Multiple myeloma is a B-cell malignancy characterized by an excess of monotypic plasma cells in the bone marrow. The molecular mechanisms that are involved in disease progression depend on the interaction between the multiple myeloma cells and the bone microenvironment. Because these mechanisms have been well characterized, it is possible to develop regimens that are more specific to pathways involved in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma than is typical for conventional chemotherapy in disease management. Thalidomide and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) have now been shown to block several pathways important for disease progression in multiple myeloma. First established as agents with antiangiogenic properties, thalidomide and IMiDs inhibit the production of interleukin (IL)-6, which is a growth factor for the proliferation of myeloma cells. In addition, they activate apoptotic pathways through caspase 8-mediated cell death. At the mitochondrial level, they are responsible for c-jun terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent release of cytochrome-c and Smac into the cytosol of cells, where they regulate the activity of molecules that affect apoptosis. By activating T cells to produce IL-2, thalidomide and IMiDs alter natural killer (NK) cell numbers and function, thus augmenting the activity of NK-dependent cytotoxicity. Data delineating these events have been derived from experiments done in resistant and sensitive multiple myeloma cell lines. Although thalidomide and IMiDs demonstrate similar biologic activities, IMiDs are more potent than thalidomide and achieve responses at lower doses. Lenalidomide, a thalidomide derivative, has also been shown to have a different toxicity profile. Our understanding of the mechanism of action of these agents has provided a platform for exciting clinical trials evaluating combinations of thalidomide and lenalidomide with both conventional chemotherapy and newer targeted agents.

Explanation:

You might be interested in
The nurse observes a patient in the progressive stage of shock with blood in the nasogastric tube and when connected to suction.
7nadin3 [17]

Especially in patients with coagulopathy, trauma to the GI mucosa during NG tube insertion may cause GI bleeding. Due to ongoing irritation and pressure necrosis, prolonged use of an NG tube might result in the development of ulcers.

A disturbance of the sympathetic nervous system that alters the tone of the blood vessels is referred to as neurogenic shock. Without sympathetic tone, blood cannot adequately circulate throughout the body, which causes temperature dysregulation, a reduced heart rate, and low blood pressure.

<h3>What does the word "shock" mean ?</h3>

Shock, a dangerous condition, could be brought on by the abrupt drop in blood flow throughout the body. Shock can be brought on by trauma, heatstroke, blood loss, allergies, severe illnesses, poisoning, severe burns, and other situations. A person in shock doesn't get enough blood or oxygen to their organs.

  • The four basic types of shock are obstructive, cardiogenic, hypovolemic, and distributive shock.

Learn more about Shock here:

brainly.com/question/25474183

#SPJ4

8 0
2 years ago
Is genetic material and any discovery made from studying it the property of the scientist doing
dusya [7]
The genetic material is the property of the patient, and yes they should have to give consent. it is biological data the scientist is tampering with, you know.
4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Dr. Swartz, a general practitioner, is usually late for all his appointments, and patients have to wait for hours to see him. At
Anika [276]
I guess the patients would prefer taking an alternative as sometimes they can be urgent or even emergencies
5 0
2 years ago
The only direct connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton is where the.
sineoko [7]

it is the clavicle bone...............

5 0
2 years ago
I went to the hospital 2 weeks ago after being in a car crash, they gave me a wheelchair. I was supposed to get out of the wheel
Bezzdna [24]

Explanation:

your body is now not used to movement so more body exercise is required

8 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Describe the four tissue types comparing and contrasting their tissue structure and function.
    15·1 answer
  • 2. Briefly explain how healthcare activities are intended to improve one’s health.
    5·2 answers
  • Bridges can be made of gold or porcelain and are connected to what?
    12·1 answer
  • This is the site of primary gas exchange:
    5·1 answer
  • Assignment for Blood vessels<br>Disorders(Atherosclorosis and varicos veins)​
    8·1 answer
  • Anita works from home while her young children play. She reads over hospital records and categorizes the services that patients
    14·1 answer
  • A system used to organize the many types of cancer, based on where the cancer first course is called the _______v
    8·1 answer
  • Which healing phase does phagocytes enter and start clot formation
    5·1 answer
  • Which of the following allowed Fleming to recognize the pattern of the Penicillium mold killing bacteria?
    5·1 answer
  • A group of five health care professionals is presented with a complex system-based problem in a large hospital and asked to gene
    5·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!