In the context of scientific approach, the role of data is central as well as fundamental when scientists search for observations which would either verify or reject their ideas regarding the world.
The scientific approach follows a systematic order in which theories or hypotheses are tested through experiments and observations are recorded. These observations are in the form of raw data which are then analyzed by scientists.
Analysis of the data leads to the generation of information which can be utilized suitably to develop an insight about the subject of interest. This information is helpful in determining whether an idea or theory is substantial or not.
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Answer:
1. interactions
2. environment
3. sun
4. photosynthesis
5. chemical
6. producers
7. food
8. energy
9. organisms
10. herbivores
10. first
12. Heterotrophs
13. second
Explanation:
An ecosystem consists of a community of living organisms
interacting with each other and the environment. The source of energy that fuels most ecosystems is the sun. Plants use the Sun’s energy to produce food in a process called photosynthesis.
Organisms that use energy from the Sun or energy stored in chemical compounds to produce their own nutrients are called autotrophs. They are also called producers because most other organisms depend on autotrophs for food and energy. Heterotrophic organisms that can’t make their own food may obtain nutrients by eating other organisms. A heterotroph that feeds only on plants is called an herbivore. Herbivores are also called first order heterotrophs. Heterotrophs that feed on other herbivores are second order heterotrophs.
Answer: The colour of A before the starch test is GREEN while after the starch test is BLUE- BLACK. The equation for photosynthesis is
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
Explanation:
PHOTOSYNTHESIS is the process by which green plants use energy from sunlight to manufacture their own food. It is a building up process since simple inorganic compounds such as carbondioxide and water are built up into large organic compounds such as glucose and OXYGEN is given off as a by product.
Oxygen given out in photosynthesis occurs in the light stage during the process of photolysis of water. This occurs when the chlorophyll traps, absorbs and captures light energy and become energised. The energised chlorophyll supplies energy which is to split molecules of water into hydrogen ion ( H+) and hydroxyl ion ( OH-). The hydroxyl ion is reconverted to water and oxygen is given out as a by product.
To show that chlorophyll is NECESSARY for photosynthesis, a variegated leaf with green and yellow patches is used for an experiment.
The green portion is marked A and the yellow portion marked B. The leaf is tested for starch using the procedure below:
--> place leaf in boiling water for half a minute to kill it.
--> decolorize leaf by placing it in hot alcohol.
--> dip decolorize leaf in hot water to soften it.
--> place leaf on tile and add iodine solution to it.
RESULT: It would be found that only the green parts contain starch as blue+black colouration is observed while yellow area is unaffected by iodine.
The measure of variation which exists in the genetic makeup of any particular individual within a population is genetic variation. There are several key features and advantages associated with the genetic variation as it is an important factor causing evolution allowing natural selection thus leading to increase or decrease the frequency of alleles in a population.
The other factors causing genetic variation include random mating, mutation, random fertilization and recombination during meiosis between the homologous chromosomes.
The main advantage of genetic variation is it enables the individuals to adapt to environment as well as maintaining the survival of the population.
Based on the information on genetic variation we can conclude whether there is increase or decrease in the genetic variation of the population in the gene pool.
• A zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras- Increase
• Competition for sunlight leads to taller trees- Decrease
• The DNA of a snake changes to make its venom stronger- Increase
• A grass-fire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals- Decrease
