Answer:
A. preoperational stage
Explanation:
Cognitive development can be defined as the development of thought processes, skills, knowledge and problem-solving abilities from infancy through adulthood.
Jean Piaget was a developmental biologist and psychologist who worked extensively on cognitive development in infants and teenagers; these are judgement, knowledge and thoughts.
Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development in an ascending order are;
I. Sensorimotor: this is between 0 - 2 years (18 - 24 months) where the child exhibits object permanence.
II. Preoperational: this is age 2 - 7 years where the child acts in an egocentric manner.
III. Concrete operational: this is age 7 through age 11 and the child thinks logically at this stage.
IV. Formal operational: this is from adolescence (11 years) through adulthood and focuses on logically thinking about abstractions.
Hence, the preoperational stage in Piaget's cognitive development theory reflects a child's egocentrism, which leads the child to act in a self-centered fashion.
<span>achieve a therapeutic objective (cure disease, mitigate symptoms etc.)
minimize toxicity
minimize difficulty of administration
identify dosing regimens</span>List the goals of drug therapytherapeutic window/rangethe plasma concentration range that is effective and safe in treating specific diseasestrue(T,F): The therapeutic response is dependent on drug achieving an adequate plasma concentrationmultiple doses________ are given to stay in the therapeutic windowvolume of distribution (V)<span>an important indicator of the extent of drug distribution into body fluids and tissues
relates the amount of drug in the body to the measured concentration in the plasma
it is the volume required to account for all of the drug in the body if the concentration in all tissues is the same as the plasma tissue.</span>clearancethe process of removing a drug from plasma (expressed as volume of plasma per a given unit of time)true(T,F): Clearance indicates the volume of plasma (or blood) from which the drug is completely removed, or cleared, in a given time period.half-life<span>volume of distribution and clearance influences the _______ of a drug.
Dosing regimen: How often?</span>oral bioavailability<span>clearance and absorption influences the ________ of a drug
Dosing regimen: How much?</span>steady statethe amount of drug administered is equal to the amount of drug eliminated within one dosing interval resulting in a plateau or constant serum drug levelshortDrugs with a _____ half-life reach steady state rapidlylongDrugs with a ____ half-life take days to weeks to reach steady statetherapeutic windowA steady state is desired within the _________half-lifethe time necessary for the concentration of drug in the plasma to decrease by one-half (50%)about 5How many half-lives are required to reach steady state?loading dosesoften administered at the initiation of an infusion to achieve an immediate therapeutic plasma concentration of the drug (allows rapid achievement of therapeutic serum)true(T,F): The same loading dose is used regardless of metabolism/elimination dysfunction
Answer:
Wear gloves when coming in contact with the blood or body fluids of any client. (Ans. B)
Explanation:
HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) which is transmitted through the exposure to infected blood, sexual connection, and during the perinatal period from mother to offspring.
Healthcare workers must protect themselves while exposed to blood and other body fluids from patients infected with HIV. The CDC guideline includes: They should wear gloves when coming in contact with the blood or body fluids of any patient.
Answer:
3
Explanation:
Vaccines protect travelers from serious diseases. Depending on where you travel, you may come into contact with diseases that are rare in the United States, like yellow fever. Some vaccines may also be required for you to travel to certain places.
