I think c is the answer but I’m not sure
He was born on July 20, 1822 in Hyncice, Czech Republic
Answer: There are genes that code for different cell receptors that detect foreign substances. And for the immune system to fight these superbugs, the genes encoding these receptors must mutate and evolve. Humans have a slow rate of evolution, slower than bacterial evolution. Then not only human genes mutate at a very slow rate, but insect genes mutate very fast and can improve their strategy to evade the immune system.
Explanation:
A mutation is a random change in the nucleotide sequence or in a gene, which produces a variation in its characteristics and which is not necessarily transmitted to the offspring. They occur spontaneously by the action of mutagens, which are physical, chemical or biological agent that changes the genetic information of an organism and thereby increases the frequency of mutations above the natural level. In multicellular organisms, mutations can only be inherited when they affect the reproductive cells, called gametes (egg and sperm) A consequence of mutations can be, for example, a genetic disease, or it can also be a favorable improvement such as being able to fight against a virus. However, even if in the short term mutations could detrimental, they are essential for our long-term existence becuase without mutations there would be no change, and without change life could not evolve.
<u>The immune system is the body's natural defense against infections, such as bacteria and viruses. The body attacks and destroys invading infectious organisms by the coordinated action of cells and proteins</u>. Any substance or compound produced by an organism is a potential antigen when it is recognized as foreign by the immune system of another organism, whether it is of the same or a different species. In addition, the genes code for different cell receptors that detect these foreign substances. And for the immune system to fight these superbugs, the genes encoding these receptors must mutate and evolve. <u>But, humans have a slow rate of evolution, slower than bacterial evolution. Then not only human genes mutate at a very slow rate, but insect genes mutate very fast and can improve their strategy to evade the immune system</u>. Therefore, the human population may not have mutations that improve the immune system to help it fight againts these superbugs.
Answer:
All the organisms has developed some methods to respond towards the changing environment. Bacteria also develops some mechanism by which they are able to tolerate the external environment.
Some bacteria respond towards environment by increasing the rate of mutation. This mutation can be accomplished as it creates the formation of oncogenes in the bacteria. The cyclins and kinases of cell cycle gets mutated that leads to the uncontrolled growth of cell bacteria. This produces an evolutionary advantage to bacteria as it allows the bacteria to grow in the hostile environment. For example: the development of resistant strain of bacteria towards a specific drug.
"When exposed to antibiotics, most bacteria in a population die but some survive and live to reproduce" is the one example that <span>illustrates Darwin's main contribution to the theory of evolution. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the third option or option "C". I hope it helps you.</span>