Answer:
The sugar and phosphate group make up the backbone of the DNA double helix, while the bases are located in the middle.
Explanation:
Answer:
3. is activated immediately upon infection.
Explanation:
Innate immunity is the nonspecific immunity. These immune defenses are present at birth and do not involve specific recognition of a microbe. Being nonspecific in nature, it acts against all microbes. Innate immunity includes the first and second lines of defense.
Some of the examples of components of innate immunity among the first line of defenses are physical and chemical barriers of the skin and mucous membranes. Innate immune responses are the immunity’s early warning system that is generated immediately after the encounter with a pathogen to prevent them from entering the body and to help eliminate the ones that have entered the body.
Once a microbe has entered the body, secretion of antimicrobial substances and activities of natural killer cells, phagocytes, the process of inflammation, etc. serve to eliminate it from the body. All these responses are the components of innate immunity.
The excretory system will help remove extra water and eliminate it as urine.
Answer:D
Explanation: hope this helps
It is a rigid layer that surrounds the plant cell.
The second and last answer is both incorrect as cell walls are only in plant cells.
The third answer is incorrect as it is not located in the nucleus but surrounds the cell instead.
Hope this helps!
