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Daniel [21]
3 years ago
8

Hilltop Paving has a levered equity cost of capital of 14.92 percent. The debt-to-value ratio is .4, the assumed tax rate is 23

percent, and the pretax cost of debt is 7.2 percent. What is the estimated unlevered cost of equity
Business
1 answer:
Yuki888 [10]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The estimated unlevered cost of equity is 12.30%.

Explanation:

Debt-to-value ratio = 0.4

Equity-to-value ratio = 1 - Debt-to-value ratio = 1 - 0.4 = 0.6

The estimated unlevered cost of equity can be calculated solving the following formula:

Levered equity cost of capital = Unlevered cost of equity + ((Debt-to-value ratio / Equity-to-value ratio) * (100% - Tax rate) * (Unlevered cost of equity - Pretax cost of debt)) .............. (1)

Substituing all the relevant values into equation (1), we have:

14.92% = Unlevered cost of equity + ((0.4/0.6) * (1 - 23%)  * (Unlevered cost of equity - 7.2%))

Let R0 = Unlevered cost of equity, we have:

14.92% = R) + ((0.4/0.6) * (1 - 23%)  * (R0 - 7.2%))

14.92% = R0 + (0.666666666666667 * 0.77 * (R0 - 7.2%))

14.92% = R0 +  (0.513333333333334 * (R0 -7.2%))

14.92% = R0 +  (0.513333333333334 * R0) - (0.513333333333334 * 7.2%)

14.92% = R0 +  (0.513333333333334 * R0) - 0.03696

14.92% + 0.03696 = R0(1 + 0.513333333333334)

0.18616 = R0(1.513333333333334)

R0 = 0.18616 / 1.513333333333334

R0 = 0.1230, or 12.30%

Therefore, the estimated unlevered cost of equity is 12.30%.

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Answer:

the  return on common shares is 6.99%

Explanation:

The computation of the return on common shares is shown below:

= Dividend ÷ Stock price + growth rate

= $1.25 ÷ $27.22 + 2.4%

= 6.99%

hence, the  return on common shares is 6.99%

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2 years ago
A policy maker is unsure of the true marginal damages associated with a good, but they know that the marginal externality is con
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Answer: True

Explanation:

Marginal externality is constant. However, it may not be calculated with accuracy. Hence, there's need for estimates at reasonable levels.

Hence, the policymaker's estimate of $35/ unit is reasonable and within the acceptable range of between $10 and $50/unit. Also, the tax charge raises social welfare compared to no tax at all.

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3 years ago
An individual has utility function U(x)=x1/4U(x)=x1/4 for salary, and is considering new job offer which pays $80,000 with a bon
vladimir2022 [97]

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108,280.22

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Certainty equivalent is solved by taking the inverse utility function from the expected utility of a random wealth variable

U(x) = x^1/4

U^-1(x) = x^4

U^-1(x) === x^4

CE(x) = x^4

Salary   Bonus   Total income   U(x)= x^(1/4)       P(x)        U(x)*P(x)

80000       0          80000               16.82                1/7             2.4

80000    10000     90000               17.32                1/7            2.47

80000    20000    100000              17.78                1/7            2.54

80000    30000    110000               18.21                 1/7            2.6

80000    40000    120000              18.61                 1/7            2.66

80000    50000    130000              18.99                1/7            2.71

80000    60000    140000              19.34                1/7             <u>2.76</u>

Sum                                                                                             <u>18.14</u>

CE(x) =  18.14^4

CE(x) = 108280.22

So therefore,  the certainty equivalent of this job offer is 108,280.22

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Answer:

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Using the formula

The number of partially completed units (15,000) x percentage of completion (70%) = equivalent units of production (10, 500)

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