Both the Meiji Restoration in Japan and the efforts of Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in the German Empire were focused on unifying, strengthening and modernizing the government and economy of their nations.
Bismarck led the way in uniting the many German states and principalities into a single, powerful German Empire, created in 1871. In Japan, prior to the Meiji Restoration, shogun rule (rule by military leaders) held control over part of the country, but feudal warlords maintained much power in their own lands. In 1868, shogun rule was ended and the emperor was restored to full power over the country.
A push for rapid industrialization characterized both Germany and Japan in the latter portion of the 19th century.
A key difference, however, was that the various German states had already begun industrializing before Bismarck came to power in Prussia and led the creation of the united German Empire. Bismarck's government strongly backed and increased industrialization efforts. In Japan, before he period known as the Meiji Restoration, Japan was not focusing on industrialization. Feudal arrangements persisted. But the new emperor took the name "Meiji," meaning "enlightened rule." And under the reign of Emperor Meiji, which lasted till 1912, Japan aggressively pursued modernizing and westernizing it economy and way of life.
The first world war, they used machine guns, tanks and more new technology to fight in the war
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The 14th amendment extended liberties and rights that were allowed by the Bill of Rights to former enslaved people.
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Buddhism and Taoism are both very peaceful religions and use meditation for peace of mind and enlightenment. Both religions focus on a goal of self-improvement. Buddhists believe in reincarnation, which is the belief in cyclic life after death. Taoists believe in the here and now more than what happens after death.
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The Electoral College should remain the same for various reasons. First, if it were not for the Electoral College, large states, such as California, would largely control the nation. The Electoral College is designed to maximize states' rights. For example, if the U.S. were a direct democracy, Hillary Clinton would have been elected as our president, even though approximately 90% states supported Trump. With the Electoral College, each state has 2-3 Electors for each Political Party. If the majority of the state votes for Hillary, the democratic electors for that specific state get the vote. If the majority of the state votes for Trump, the Republican electors get the vote. The system is designed to maximize sates' rights and avoid impulsive, mass decisions.