Because of its cities, cities in the Muslim Empires were built magnificently with building structures, Mosques, Markets, libraries, and schools. The Islamic also flourished because of trade which allowed people from different places to contribute their knowledge.
The conflict between Protestants and Catholics was an open one with both sides seeking the support of the public.
The printing press became an important weapon in the Reformation.
Both the Protestant and Catholic propagandists made use of the printing press as a means of influencing the public.
Protestants used the printing press to proliferate revolutionary theological material at a popular level, while the Catholic Church produced large quantities of anti-Reformation texts.