Answer: False
Explanation: The statement in the question describes Stimulus Equivalence.
Contingency Adduction occurs when an individual acquires a new behaviour through conditioning and another contingency adds it to its own range of behaviors.
Stimulus equivalence on the other hand is when more than one different stimuli get the same response. Similar to the response in a situation where conditioning did not take place, although the response is accurate, it has not been reinforced.
Answer:
a. Long Cycle Theory
Explanation:
In international relations theory, the Long Cycle Theory was first presented by George Modelski in his book <em>Long Cycles in World Politics</em> (1987). Modelski claims that <u>the US replacing Britain as the leader of the International System after World War II is part of a cycle in international relations where one hegemon is gradually replaced by another over a period of roughly a century</u>.
The transition from one hegemonic power to another leads to the new world power carrying on the costs associated with such a position. And unlike defenders of the realist school of international relations, Modelski doesn't see this cycle as produced by the anarchy of the internationals system, but rather as a natural consequence of economic and political developments, including wars. According to him, Portugal was the world hegemon in the 16th century, Netherlands in the 17th century, Britain stretched his period of international dominance over the 18th and 19th century, and since the 20th century, the United States is the world's dominant hegemon.
They are associated with low density.<span />
