Answer: organ
Explanation: brainliest please
Explanation:
Fat molecules consist of three fatty acid chains connected by a glycerol backbone. Fatty acids are basically long chains of carbon and hydrogen and are the major source of energy during normal activities.
Fatty acids are broken down by progressively cleaving two carbon bits and converting these to acetyl coenzyme A. The acetyl CoA is the oxidized by the same citric acid cycle involved in the metabolism of glucose. For every two carbons in a fatty acid, oxidation yields 5 ATPs generating the acetyl CoA and 12 more ATPs oxidizing the coenzyme. This makes fat a terrific molecule in which to store energy, as the body well knows (much to our dismay).
The only biological drawback to this, and other, forms of oxidative metabolism is its dependence on oxygen. Thus, if energy is required more rapidly than oxygen can be delivered, muscles switch to the less efficient anaerobic pathways. Interestingly, this implies that an anaerobic workout will not "burn" any fat, but will preferentially deplete the body of glucose. Of course, your body can't survive very long on just anaerobic metabolism...it just can't generate enough energy.
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Answer:
C3 plants would have faster growth rates; C4 plants would be minimally affected.
Explanation:
C3 and C4 pathways are the variations of dark reactions of photosynthesis present in green plants. The photosynthetic efficiency of C3 plants is reduced due to the affinity of RuBisCo enzyme for oxygen which in turn leads to the futile pathway of photorespiration. RuBisCo enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction of the C3 pathway. On the other hand, the C4 plants concentrate CO2 around RuBisCo in their bundle sheath cells of leaves to minimize photorespiration and exhibit higher rates of photosynthesis.
Increased levels of atmospheric CO2 would reduce the photorespiration in C3 plants and would allow them to fix CO2 efficiently due to the increased concentration of CO2 around the enzyme RuBisCo. The increased photosynthetic efficiency would help these plants to exhibit faster growth rates.
However, the photosynthetic rate of C4 plants is not limited by CO2 concentration as they themselves reduce photorespiration by spatial separation of primary carboxylation in mesophyll cell and CO2 fixation in bundle sheath cells. Hence, increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere would not have any impact on their photosynthetic rate and growth.
The brain, heart and the skeleton are the integral parts of the nervous system, circulatory system and the skeletal system respectively. The nervous system is made of the brain and the spinal cord with neurons as the structural and functional units of it. The circulatory system is made up of the heart and its blood vessels. The skeletal system is made up of the bones and cartilages making the skeleton of the body.
The brain regulates the heart beat and the blood pressure. The heart nourishes the brain with oxygen and nutrients by pumping blood. The bone cells are nourished by the blood pumped by the heart. The bone marrow of the skeleton produces the new red blood cells which enter the blood circulatory system. Also the the ribs and the breast bone of the skeleton protects the heart, the cranium of the skeleton prtects the brain. The bones also provide calcium which is necessory for the functioning of the nervous system. The brain controls the skeletal movements of the body. The cerebellum of the brain controls the voluntary skeletal movements and the medulla controls the involuntary skeletal movements of the body. The blood brain barrier formed by the endothelial cells of the capillary walls located in the brain seperates the circulating blood from the brain and the extraclellular fluid in the central nervous system and acts as a selective semipermeable border.
