First came the Zollverein (Toll Union) in 1833 that, by abolishing tolls between the various German principalities, made Germany into a common market. For a period of decades, until about 1860's, there were attempts at imitating in Germany the industrialization that had taken place elsewhere in Europe.
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Most current communist groups descended from the Maoist ideological tradition still adopt the description of both China and the Soviet Union as being state capitalist from a certain point in their history onwards—most commonly, the Soviet Union from 1956 to its collapse in 1991 and China from 1976 to the present.
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He purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867. He defied Congress Tenure of Office act on grounds that it was unconstitutional (which He was impeached for, but the Supreme Court agreed with Johnson's reasoning) He was accommodating to the Southern states, and advocated less harsh treatment of the defeated rebels than other politicians of the time (which quickened the healing process from the Civil War) He served in the Senate after his Presidential term expired, showing further willingness to work for the public good despite his impeachment embarrassment. He protected the rights of the Executive branch against Congress' attempt to diminish it's powers.
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