Answer:
Antibiotic resistance can evolved in bacterial population in the following ways:
Explanation:
- In response to constant exposure to antibiotics some members of a bacterial population develop some beneficial mutations in some essential genes that gives them survival advantage in terms of food and space over the sensitive bacterial strains and hence they are capable of out-competing the sensitive bacteria.
- This happens due to the process of Natural Selection.
- These genes are called antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria usually carry them on plasmids in form of cassettes where genes resistant to multiple drugs are incorporated. These plasmids are called the MDR or Multi-Drug Resistance Plasmids.
- These resistant plasmids can be easily transferred among bacterial populations by conjugation, transformation or transduction or direct plasmid transfer.
- The resistant genes encode for proteins that render the drug ineffective by promoting their efflux from the cells, preventing their entry into the cell, chemically modifying them such that they become non-functional or altering the target site of the drug.
Answer:
better way to analyze data, improve workfkow, improve production process
Answer:
The correct answer is - passive immunity - artificially acquired.
Explanation:
Passive immunity is the immunity that involves giving or acquiring antibodies from other sources instead of developing them on one's own. This type of immunity can be natural and artificial. Mother breastfeed the babies, is the natural passive immunity example as milk also contain antibodies required for immunity of babies.
Artificial passive immunity is the immunity that comes from injecting the antibodies created in different animals or persons which called antiserum or vaccines such as snake antivenom.
Answer:
The correct answer is C and Engelmann conducted this experiment to prove relationship between algae and the rate of photosynthesis.
Explanation: First we must talk about 3 facts:
1) Prism scatters the white light into different wavelengths.
2) Photosynthesis, 6 carbon dioxide and 6 water molecules are consumed and 6 oxygen and 1 sugar molecule is synthesized using light energy.
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
3) Aerobic bacteria breaks down sugar while using oxygen and produces water and carbon dioxide in simplified terms.
So with this experimental setup a researcher can understand the rate of the photosynthesis by increased accumulation of aerobic bacteria near algae in certain wavelengths since they uses oxygen and tend to move close to the oxygen source (<u>see figure</u>). In this experiment there are no ways to measure heat (B), there is no known relation between wavelength of light and aerobic respiration since it can happen even in the dark (A) and finally there are no ways to measure carbon dioxide (D).
All of these foods contain enormous amounts of carbohydrates. However, the cookie is the only one with processed sugar (unless you're crazy and add sugar in your stuff)!
