Eukaryotes have a nucleus with a membrane, larger ribosomal subunits, usually reproduce sexually, and may not have a cell wall. Prokaryotes have no membrane around the nucleus, smaller ribosomal subunits, reproduce asexually, and do have cell walls.
Human monoclonal antibody (mAbs) are emerging in the field of cancer therapy and have become an increasing proportion of new drugs that are recently approved. Although there are some methods to obtain antigen-specific mAbs from human B cells, it is generally impossible to directly immunize human beings with antigens of interest. For example, for infectious agents, those approaches are largely restricted. To solve these obstacles, two main approaches have been developed; either by humanizing antigen-specific antibodies from small experimental animals (which is laborious due to the great genetic differences from humans) or rely on the in vitro selection of antigen-specific binders from human antibody repertoires. However, the human mAbs developed by these methods are usually with low affinity.
We are now coming up with a much better idea that is humanizing non-human primates mAbs instead of murine mAbs. Due to the close genetic relationship with humans, immunized NHPs have more potential to be isolated with high affinity antibody to human target than other experimental species, such as mouse, rat and rabbit. In addition, with appropriate method, NHP antibodies are much<span> easier to be humanized</span> without any loss of affinity compared to widely used murine antibodies.
Resource: http://www.creative-biolabs.com/High-Affi-TM-Human-Antibody-Discovery.html
The correct answer is C. Gardeners choose which plants they let reproduced based on the plant traits.
Explanation:
In general, selective breeding involves the intervention of humans in the reproduction of species, this includes mainly plant and animal species. Moreover, in selective breeding, humans choose which specific species or individuals reproduce to favor certain traits. For example, a farmer might allow only the biggest cows to reproduce because this will lead to bigger calves. In this context, the option that shows selective breeding is C because this shows the intervention of humans in reproduction by selecting the individuals that will reproduce.
