note:
Gymnosperms possess several key evolutionary innovations compared to earlier groups such as the clubmosses and ferns. They produce sperm-containing pollen, which is carried through the air by the wind to the female. This innovation has freed these plants from the need for water for sexual reproduction.
Answer:
Sarcomere
Explanation:
The muscle fiber / myofibrils consist of 2 types of filaments - actin and myosin. The myosin filaments are thick filament whereas the actin filaments are the thin filament.
In addition to this, the muscles have A-band and I-bands. These bands give the muscles alternate light and dark colour band structure. In the A-band, myosin filaments are present, whereas in the I - band the actin filaments are found.
In I-band 2 Z-lines are located. The area between the Z-lines is called sarcomere. In this sarcomere region both actin and myosin filaments present.
When muscles get contracted the length of the sarcomere shorten. The actin and myosin filaments overlap in this area. A cross-bridge form between them, with the help of filamentous protein titin.
Answer:
The commensal relationship between the sharks and remoras can be described as although remoras consume parasites, sharks with remoras show no better health or growth than sharks without remoras.
Explanation:
A commensal relationship refers to a relationship where two or more organisms in a habitat neither benefit or harm each other.
- The second option infers that the remoras harm the sharks. This is a parasitic relationship.
- The third option infers that the sharks are harmed by the remoras because the sharks depend on something that the remoras are limiting. This is also a parasitic relationship.
- The fourth option infers a commensal relationship, but falsely describes it. The relationship described by this option is a parasitic relationship (one benefits, the other does not).
Therefore, the answer is the first option: Although remoras consume parasites, sharks with remoras show no better health or growth than sharks without remoras.
Protein breakdown into amino acids is the statement that correctly explains the complex molecule.
Option (c);
<u>EXPLANATION:</u>
Cells in our body carry put several chemical reactions which in turn keep us healthy. All these reactions are collectively called metabolism. With the breakdown of complex molecules, it releases a lot of energy into the body.Through this process, Proteins are broken down into amino acids.
Various enzymes, specifically pepsin and hydrochloric acid breaks proteins into individual amino acids. They on further broken into a-keto acids. These amino acids reduces body weight and improves energy in the human body.
