How many density difference in the rock at a mind-ocean ridge help to drive plate motion?

Disscus the importance of phytoplankton to the composition of the earth's atmosphere?

Evgesh-ka [11]

Answer:

Phytoplankton are essential for atmospheric and climate regulation.

Explanation:

Phytoplankton are autotrophs, they use solar energy, along with inorganic carbon and water to produce their own food source via photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, they also produce oxygen, integral for the planet's atmospheric composition.

At their large biomass, phytoplankton contribute to a majority of the oxygen used by consumers (most animals).

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light Glucose + Oxygen

Along with fossil fuels, human agricultural practices have contributed large amounts of CO2 to the atmosphere, This causes global warming, a major environmental crisis- global warming also leads to landmass loss, biosphere disruption and reduces biodiversity in mass extinction events.

Phytoplankton carbon cycling produces organic matter which functions as carbon sinks in our oceans. Thus, as phytoplankton use large amounts of CO2, they help combat warming cycles, along with producing O2 in atmospheric and climate regulation.

6 0

2 years ago

4) A homozygous groucho fly ( gro, bristles clumped above the eyes) is crossed with a homozygous rough fly (ro, eye abnormality)

docker41 [41]

Answer and Explanation:

A homozygous groucho fly ( gro, bristles clumped above the eyes) is crossed with a homozygous rough fly (ro, eye abnormality).

The F1 females are testcrossed, producing these offspring: groucho 518 rough 471 groucho, rough 6 wild-type 5 1000 a) What is the linkage distance between the two genes? B) Plot the genes on a map c) If the genes were unlinked and the F1 females were mated with the F1 males, what would be the offspring in the F2 generation?

1st cross:

Parental) grogro ro+ro+ x gro+gro+ roro

F1) gro+gro ro+ro

2nd cross:

Parental) gro+gro ro+ro x grogro roro

Gametes) gro+ro+ gro ro

gro+ro gro ro

gro ro+ gro ro

gro ro gro ro

Punnet square)

gro+ro+ gro+ro gro ro+ gro ro

gro ro gro+gro ro+ro gro+gro roro grogro ro+ro grogro roro

F2)

0.518 grogro ro+ro (518 individuals)

0.471 gro+gro roro (471 individuals)

0.006 grogro roro (6 individuals)

0.005 gro+gro ro+ro (5 individuals)

Total number of individuals 1000

Note: These frequencies were calculated dividing the number of individuals belonging to each genotype by the total number of individuals in the F2.

To know if two genes are linked, we must observe the progeny distribution. If individuals, whos genes assort independently, are test crossed, they produce a progeny with equal phenotypic frequencies 1:1:1:1. If we observe a different distribution, that is that phenotypes appear in different proportions, we can assume that genes are linked in the double heterozygote parent.

In the exposed example we might verify which are the recombinant gametes produced by the F1 di-hybrid, and we can recognize them by looking at the phenotypes with lower frequencies in the progeny.

By performing this cross we know that the phenotypes with lower frequencies in the progeny are groucho, rough and wild-type. So the recombinant gametes are gro+ro+ and gro ro, while the parental gametes are gro+ro and gro ro+.

So, the genotype, in linked gene format, of the double heterozygote individual in the F1 is gro+ro/gro ro+.

To calculate the recombination frequency we will make use of the next formula: P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals. The genetic distance will result from multiplying that frequency by 100 and expressing it in map units (MU). One centiMorgan (cM) equals one map unit (MU).

The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which one of every 100 meiotic products results in a recombinant product.

The recombination frequency is:

P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals

P = 6 + 5 / 1000

P = 11 / 1000

P = 0.011

The genetic distance between genes, is 0.011 x 100= 1.1 MU.

Genetic Linkage Map:

Parental Phenotypes)

-----gro+------ro---- -----gro------ro+----

----- gro ------ro---- ---- gro------ ro ----

Recombinant phenotypes)

-----gro+------ro+---- -----gro------ro----

----- gro ------ ro---- -----gro------ro----

If the genes were unlinked and the F1 females were mated with the F1 males, the offspring in the F2 generation would have been

4/16 = 1/4 gro+gro ro+ro

4/16 = 1/4 gro+gro roro

4/16 = 1/4 grogro ro+ro

4/16 = 1/4 grogro roro

Their phenotypic frequencies would be 1:1:1:1 related.

7 0

3 years ago

Which muscle originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the olecranon process and superior portion of th

eduard

Answer: Anconeus muscle

Explanation:

The anconeus is a small muscle found at the elbow. It is Attached to the humerus and ulna (it originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the olecranon process and superior portion of the ulna). Anconeus muscle allows the forearm to extend and it also provides support for the dorsal joint capsule and the ulna as well.

The radial nerve permits the anconeus muscle to carry all of those functions.

7 0

3 years ago

Which organism is an example of an organism that is an active filter feeder?

Reika [66]

d. Sea Cucumber

Sea cucumbers are filter feeder. Sea cucumbers often find places that have strong currents to find food.

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

If the 'Cell wall' had a career; what would it be?

seraphim [82]