Answer:
active; prokaryotes
Explanation:
Active transport can be defined as the movement of molecules across cell membranes against a concentration gradient, i.e., from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration. Group translocation is a specialized type of active transport observed in prokaryotic cells. In group translocation, the transported substance is chemically modified during its movement, thereby the cell membrane becomes impermeable to this substance once it is within the cell. In bacteria, the phosphotransferase system is a type of group translocation that uses phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) as a source of energy to transport sugar molecules into the cell.
Many US Farmers have lost their family farms over the last 40 years because they could not compete with the big corporations
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-Payshence
Answer:
wind causes by unequal heating of the earth
Explanation:
Because,ocean currents are driven by wind, water density differences and tides.Oceanic currents discribe the movement of water from one location to another.
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Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Of the many functions of protein in your body, one of its most critical is supporting your immune system. The immune response protects you against harmful microorganisms, including viruses and bacteria, as well as foreign substances that might attack your defenses, such as a thorn or flames from a fire.
Answer:
b. Basement membrane
Explanation:
Together, the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes that completely surround the capillaries form a permeable barrier called filtration membrane or endothelial capsular membrane. This sandwich arrangement allows filtration of water and small solutes, but prevents filtration. of most plasma proteins, blood cells and platelets. The filtered substances move from the bloodstream through three barriers: a gIomerular endothelial cell, the basal lamina and a filtration slot formed by a podocyte.
1 The endothelial cells of the gIoméruIo are quite permeable because they have large perforations (pores) of 70 to 100 nm (0.07 to 0.1 ml) in diameter. These dimensions allow all solutes of the blood plasma to leave the gIomerular capillaries, but prevents blood cells and platelets from leaking. The mesangial cells, contractile cells that help regulate gIomerular filtration are located in the middle of the gomeromer capillaries and the groove formed between the afferent and efferent arterioles.
2 The <u>basement membrane</u> is a layer of acellular material between the endothelium and podocytes, which consists of fibruses in a gIucoprotein matrix; prevents filtration of large plasma proteins.
3 From each podocito thousands of extensions in the form of feet called pedicels that surround the glomerular capillaries extend. The spaces between the pedicels are called filtration cracks. A thin membrane, the crack membrane, extends through each filtration crack and allows the passage of molecules with a diameter smaller than 6 to 7 nm (0.006 to 0.OO7 mm), including water, glucose, vitamins, amino acids , very small plasma proteins, ammonia, urea and ions. Since the most abundant plasma protein, <u>albumin</u>, has a diameter of 7.1 mm, less than 1% of it crosses the membrane of the crack.