The correct answer to this open question is the following.
In my opinion, both major parties, Democrats & Republicans, eliminate third parties and their agendas because they exert dominant control over third parties and their candidates in that it is too much money Democrats and Republicans collect via donations from their followers. This money is used to organize and operate the political campaigns and buy all kinds of advertising through traditional media and social media. Third parties do not the money and infrastructure to represent a real threat to those two established and traditional parties in the United States. Among the third parties that have competed in US elections of the past, we find the Whig Party, Federalist Party, and National Republican Party, Populist Party, and Progressive Party.
I believe the answer is one, I do not know much about Sputnik, but that seems to be the most logical option.
b, trade and economic activity. this is because it may seem like you need an army but you don’t, not in a civilization. Art and literature may be good in a civilization but it is not needed.
Actions taken during WW1 helped to promote ethnic unity and destabilise the region for the next century.
As Lawrence of Arabia encouraged the Bedouin tribes to fight against the Ottoman Empire, he tried to provoke nationalism in the ethnicities living in the Empire at the time, for example, Syrians and Arabs. He encouraged them to fight for their freedom and promised an independent nation for those minorities in the Empire.
The Sykes-Picot agreement destabilised the region and broke the promises made by Britain and France for an independent nation for the Arabs, Syrians, Bedouins etc. They split the Middle East in accordance to their colonial spheres of influence and occupied different parts of the Middle East, the borders created caused anger and outrage for some, eg Israel-Palestine.
