Limited government sorry if wrong
Yes they are on the upper and lower half's of the world
Answer:
The Japanese don't have a president. Perhaps you are referring to the Prime Minister, in which case the first Japanese Prime Minister (in the modern sense, so excluding emperors) was Itō Hirobumi.
I'd say probably not. There's no room for any companies that are not owned by or allowed by the government. Mercantilists were interested mostly in exploiting peoples for natural resources. So no, it's not particularly fair to businesses or indigenous populations
Islam began with the Prophet Muhammad. Islam means "surrender" and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of God. Its central article of faith is that "There is no god but God and Muhammad is his messenger".
Followers of Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe that they are following in the same tradition as the Judeo-Christian figures Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus who they believe were significant prophets before Muhammad.
Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries. Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time.
