The duties expected of every Muslim are outlined in the Five Pillars. These include profession of faith, prayer, tax, fasting, Mecca pilgrimages to Mecca.
Dr. Huang is using cognitive therapy. This is a kind of psychotherapy established by Aaron T. Beck. CT is one of the calming methods within the larger group of cognitive behavioral therapies and was first explained by Beck in the 1960s. Cognitive therapy is grounded on the cognitive model, which states that views, state of mind and actions are all linked, and that persons can move to overpowering worries and meeting their aims by recognizing and altering obstructive or erroneous thinking, problematic manners, and upsetting emotional reactions.
A problem within oneself called internal conflict. When a character has a problem with an outside force it is called external conflict.