The gate control theory of pain states that the experience of pain is dependent on the complex interaction of the central and the peripheral nervous system. This theory was given by Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall.
Usually, when a person experiences pain, the neurons transmits the message from the area of damage along the peripheral nervous system to the spinal cord and the brain. The gate control theory suggests that the neurons encounter the 'nerve gates' while transmitting the pain messages in the spinal cord. These opening and closing of these gates is dependent on the multiple factors.
The basket cells are the multipolar, inhibitory interneurons . Endorphins are the neuropeptide and the peptide hormones, which are secreted by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland. These structures have no relation with the transmission of the pain.
The hyperpolarization of the neurons by the opiate receptors resulting in the release of the substance P, which is a neurotransmitter involved with pain.
Hence, the correct answer is 'by releasing substance P'.
Answer: a molecule made of many small molecules
Explanation: Macromolecules are large molecules that are composed of smaller molecules called monomers. These macromolecules are polymers of the monomers units. Examples of macromolecules are proteins which have amino acids as their monomers and carbohydrates which have monosaccharide sugars such as glucose, and fructose as the monomers.
In the temperate latitudes, a continental climate is usually characterized by a large annual range of air temperature (hot summers and cold winters) and considerable daily variations in air temperature. A continental climate differs from a marine climate in having a low mean annual temperature, low humidity, and dustier air.
