Depolarization is to excitation, while Hyperpolarization is to inhibition.
Option 4 is correct.
Hyperpolarization is opposite of Depolarization.
Depolarization is a process by which cells undergo a change in membrane potential. It is a process of shift in electric charge that results in less negative charge inside the cell.
Hyperpolarization is when the membrane potential becomes more negative at a particular spot on the neuron’s membrane.
The continent of Africa is found mostly on the African Plate.
The main reason for the species extinction is for the ecological changes.
Answer:
Ionic
Explanation:
Ionic bond:
It is the bond which is formed by the transfer of electron from one atom to the atom of another element.
Both bonded atoms have very large electronegativity difference. The atom with large electronegativity value accept the electron from other with smaller value of electronegativity.
For example:
calcium chloride is ionic compound. The electronegativity of chlorine is 3.16 and for calcium is 1. There is large difference is present. That's why electron from calcium is transfer to the chlorine. calcium becomes positive and chlorine becomes negative ion.
There are two valance electrons in calcium so it needed to lose two valance electrons to complete the octet while chlorine needed one electron to complete the octet. Thus two electrons lost by one calcium atom are gained by two atoms of chlorine.
Ca + Cl₂ → CaCl₂
