Answer:
Algorithm II uses a heuristic approach to provide an approximate solution in reasonable time.
Explanation:
Answer: Option(a) is correct.
Explanation:
Corn chips and potato chips, both are substitute goods and thus, affect each others demand by a small changes in various factors.
In this question, a good weather increases the harvesting of corn which increases the supply of corn chips.
This shifts the supply curve rightwards as a result price falls and quantity increases. Hence, this lower price, increases the consumer surplus in the market of corn chips.
This change in the supply of corn chips will affect the demand for potato chips in the potato chips market. So, the demand curve for potato chips shifts leftwards. This shift in the demand curve, reduces the price level and quantity level. Hence, this lowers the producer surplus in the market for potato chips.
Answer:
The correct answer is lower.
Explanation:
The theory of rational expectations is a hypothesis of economic science that states that predictions about the future value of economically relevant variables made by agents are not systematically wrong and that errors are random (white noise). An alternative formulation is that rational expectations are "consistent expectations around a model," that is, in a model, agents assume that the predictions of the model are valid. The rational expectations hypothesis is used in many contemporary macroeconomic models, in game theory and in applications of rational choice theory.
Since most current macroeconomic models study decisions over several periods, the expectations of workers, consumers and companies about future economic conditions are an essential part of the model. There has been much discussion about how to model these expectations and the macroeconomic predictions of a model may differ depending on the assumptions about the expectations (see the web's theorem). To assume rational expectations is to assume that the expectations of economic agents can be individually wrong, but correct on average. In other words, although the future is not totally predictable, it is assumed that the agents' expectations are not systematically biased and that they use all the relevant information to form their expectations on economic variables.
Numbers of suppliers in a purely competitive market dictate how easy it is to start a business or transform it in that sector.
Explanation:
Entry an d Exit in a business sector means the ease of starting or transforming a business that is involved in a particular market sector.
In a purely competitive market the business is dictated by the market standards set by the completion of the various companies vying for a market share between each other.
The harder the competition at the top level, the harder it is for a new business to come up, similar is the case for when one or two companies dominate the hegemony in which case it is hard to grab a market share for the new entrant in the market.
