A gerund<span> is a verb form that ends in ing </span>
Here is 1-5 :)
1) <span>Peeta slapped the glass out of Haymitch's hand Katniss stabs a knife into the table.
2) </span><span>He has been in the hunger games before and he is a drunk and he needs to stop drinking
3) </span><span>The Capitol is wealthy and they are dressed in bright clothes and they have shiny cars while district 12 is a coal mining place.
4) It </span><span>is to make her presentable before the opening ceremonies.
5) </span><span>The </span>costumes<span> are </span>important<span> because they get you votes and sponsors for the games.
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Have* this is because has* is past tense and have is more appropriate since there are multiple things you are referring too (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars). To be honest, these planets have a molten core.
Your answer would be C) The claims do not provide enough information to support the conclusion that is reached. Hope this helps!