Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession and are difficult for others to understand are called "jargon," since they are often only understood by people "in the know".
A is the answer To the question :)
Starvation, execution, and being sent to the gulag for opposing the war and resisting joining the Red Army.
Presumably not well. They would be invading Native American territory.
The main reason why Alexis de Tocqueville traveled to the united states was to observe American democracy in action, and to take note of what worked and what didn't, as many European countries were going through democratic revolutions of their own.
So, the third one.