Answer:
Alloy is a mixture made up of iron &nickel.
* Channel proteins- these are proteins with a hydrophilic pore where specific ions are able to pass through the membrane. Each channel protein is specific to an ion. This is the only way ions can travel through the membrane. They are trans membrane proteins.
* Carrier proteins- these are proteins which allow larger or polar molecules through the membrane. They are trans membrane proteins.
Carrier proteins essentially “carry" signals that are not soluble in aqueous solution through the blood stream to their target cells. Carrier proteins for hydrophilic signals prevent degradation of the signal. Channel proteins are embedded in cell membranes. They often are receptors (though not always), and when activated, allow specific ions to pass through the membrane.
A channel protein is a special arrangement of amino acids which embeds in the cell membrane, providing a hydrophilic passageway for water and small, polar ions. Like all transport proteins, each channel protein has a size and shape which excludes all but the most specific molecules
The carrier protein facilitate diffusion of molecules across the cell membrane. The protein is imbedded in the cell membrane and covers the entire membrane. This is important because the carrier must transport the molecule in and out of the cell.
Answer:
The correct answer would be b. because water provides electrons.
During the light reaction of the photosynthesis, the water is photolysed into high energy electrons, hydrogen ions, and oxygen.
The overall reaction can be written as:
2 H₂O + sunlight → 4 H⁺ + 4 e⁻ + O₂
It takes in water-splitting complex associated with photo-system II rooted in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplast.
The oxygen is released as the byproduct of photosynthesis.
The hydrogen ions help in the formation chemiosmotic potential across the thyllakoid membrane which help in the formation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
The electrons are used to replace the electrons lost from chlorophyll a of reaction centre associated with photo-system II. The electrons are lost due to the photo-excitation of chlorophyll a.
The electrons lost from chlorophyll a help in the production of ATP and are used to reduce NADP⁺ into NADPH.
The ATP and NADPH are used in light-independent reaction of the photosynthesis to produce glucose or food.
The extinction of a species would negatively affect human society because we may rely on that species for resources, or other species that interact with the extinct species may begin to decline, and those species could be essential to human survival.
