Answer:
DNA may be taken up by bacterial cells and be active.
Explanation:
To understand Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty's experiment, it is important to know Frederick Griffith's precursor experiment. The microbiologist worked at the British Ministry of Health's Pathology Laboratory with pneumococci (commonly known as the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, then known as Pneumococcus, which causes pneumonia), which were previously classified into several types. When cultured in petri dishes in the laboratory, the pneumococci that synthesize their capsules generate 'smooth' colonies. Subcutaneous injection of liquid culture of these pneumococci into mice causes their death. However, in vitro culture also allows the emergence of rough colonies', whose bacteria have lost the ability to synthesize mucopolysaccharide (and therefore have no capsules). Rough mutants could no longer be classified with sera and, moreover, lost their virulence: mice inoculated with them remained alive, unlike inoculated with smooth pneumococci.
The nature of Griffith's transforming principle remained unclear until the work of Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty. They repeated the in vitro transformation of pneumococci at the Rockfeller Institute for Medical Research, but replaced heat-dead cells with a purified fraction of smooth bacterial extract (unable to cause disease alone) and treated the material with different enzymes, each capable of destroying a specific type of macromolecule. Experience has shown that this fraction retained its transforming capacity when treated with protein or RNA degrading enzymes, but lost that ability when treated with DNA degrading enzymes. These results indicated that the chemical nature of the 'transforming principle' was DNA.
Thus, we can conclude that in addition to identifying genetic material, Avery, MacLeod and McCarty experiments with different strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that DNA can be absorbed by bacterial cells and be active.
<span>The synthesis of proteins takes two
steps: transcription and translation. Transcription takes the
information encoded in DNA and encodes it into mRNA, which heads out of
the cell's nucleus and into the cytoplasm. During translation, the mRNA
works with a ribosome and tRNA to synthesize proteins.</span>
It is an everyday life theory because it is a prediction. Molly doesn't know if she will be the best singer, but can assume that she will be because of her mother She hasn't experimented yet, so, therefore, her theory can't be supported by evidence.
Answer:
Mitosis is complete when it has finished its last stage, which is known as telophase. During telophase, the chromosomes or the genetic material are already separated on opposite sides of the large cell. When this happens, the chromosomes begin to be enveloped in their own separate nuclei.
90% hatch and 1% survival rate up to sexual maturity
