The Tanzimat Reforms was the second attempt in the nineteenth century to modernize the government, military, trade, law and society in the Ottoman Empire. The overall goal of these reforms was to have the country catch up with the development reached by European countries in the last couple of centuries. However, the <em>ulema</em>, or religious establishment of the Ottoman Empire objected top these reforms on the basis of their 'infidel' origin.
Even though the Tanzimat reforms were welcomed by the Ottoman society, further political changes were required, such as the the issuing of a constitution and the creation of a parliament to share the political power with the monarchy. The sultan felt the reforms were going too fast and too far, while different groups within the Ottoman society, such as the Young Turks, felt that more was needed and quickly.
As more and more politicians opposing the monarchy became members of the parliament, constituting an effective political opposition counterbalancing the sultan's authority, the sultan ordered its suspension in 1908 leading to the Young Turk Revolution. The next year, the parliament was restored and the basis for the abolition of the monarchy was laid down as local government administrations, which had effectively rejected reforms to a great extent, were mostly replaced by reformist administrations.
I believe it is A, but I wouldn't go by just my answer.
The French Revolution went on for
many bloody years due to political radicalism. The radicalism actually originated
from several parties with different views; some wanted a British style
constitutionalism while others are opposed to the revolution. Among these
parties is the far right Jacobin Club led by Maximilien Robespierre. Amidst the
chaos of subjecting the King to trial, forming the constitution, threat of war
with Austria. The nation was threatened of war by Austria and Prussia if the
king is harmed, which made the king look like a conspirator. Threats of war
made prices rise, and so the poor and the working poor sided with the most
radical party, the Jacobins. The king was executed, and the Jacobins went into
overdrive in eradicating anything that is counter-revolutionary.
Answer (A)-They helped the war effort in many different ways.
Explanation:
