I believe its either A or C. Im thinking A more than C though
The answer is: C. On appeal from a lower court via a writ of certiorari
A writ of certiorari is a type of petition of judicial review in the United States that is more commonly seen when a party fills a petition for a case that has been decided by one of the United States courts of appeals in order to be reviewed by SCOTUS in case of legal error.
Well, that would really depend. The media's coverage at the time (It is important to remember that the Watergate Scandal happened at different times, thus different media) may have been exaggerated. One major effect of the scandal however, was that it caused President Nixon to resign from office.
It represented social Darwinism, so it would be the first choice.