Obtaining mRNA from the cell, then using reverse transcriptase enzyme to convert it into a stable cDNA (or copy of DNA) molecule for insertion into the bacterial cell.
I hope this helps!
Answer: Large molecules and wastes move through the membrane through forms of active transport- endocytosis and exocytosis.
Explanation:
Molecules are moved across the cell membrane via different mechanisms like diffusion, facilitated diffusion and passive transport; however, some very large molecules require specialized types of active transport to cross over- these are endocytosis and exocytosis.
During endocytosis large molecules cells and cell fragments moved across the plasma membrane through a process of <em>invagination;</em> piece of the external cell membrane falls into itself and forms a small pocket that surrounds the target molecule this breaks off from the membrane to form an intracellular vesicle. Different methods of endocytosis such as <em>phagocytosis, pinocytosis </em>and receptor-mediated <em>endocytosis</em>, take in cells, water and targeted substances respectively.
Like endocytosis, the particles (signal proteins, neurotransmitters and waste material) are surrounded by a phospholipid membrane. However, in exocytosis, this membrane is formed in the cytoplasm, and merges with the plasma membrane’s interior in a process <em>opposite to </em>endocytosis; material is removed from the cell and exported into the cell’s exterior called the extracellular space.
Answer:
They use the process of photosynthesis to transform water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into oxygen, and simple sugars
Explanation:
The true statements are:
- Substrate level phosphorylation ocvurs during Pyruvate oxidation
- 32 ATP molecules can be made by cellular respiration but only 2 ATP molecules when oxygen is lacking
- Electrons move from protein to protein due to increasing electronegativity in the electron transport chain
- ADP is phosphorylated in the matrix of the mitochondria during oxidative phosphorylation
- ATP inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase by feedback inhibition
<h3>What is glucose oxidation?</h3>
Glucose oxidation refers to the process in the cells in which glucose molecules are oxidized to form ATP and carbon dioxide in the presence of oxygen.
The first stage of glucose oxidation is the conversion to pyruvate.
Pyruvate is oxidized to acetylCoA.
AcetylCoA enters the citric acid cycle to produce reducing equivalents, NADH for the electron transport chain.
- The true statements about pyruvate oxidation is that there is substrate level phosphorylation during the process
- When there is sufficient oxygen, 36 ATP molecules can be made (theoretically) by cellular respiration. However, when oxygen is lacking, only 2 ATP molecules are made.
- In the electron transport chain of cellular respiration, electrons move from protein to protein due to increasing electronegativity
- During oxidative phosphorylation, ADP is phosphorylated in the matrix of the mitochondria
- Aerobic respiration can be regulated by feedback inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase by ATP.
Learn more about pyruvate oxidation at: brainly.com/question/22565849
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The four bases in DNA are: adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine.
In RNA, thymine gets replaced by uracil.
Purine is only a name for the two bases guanine and adenine.
