Answer:
d. ICMP Echo Reply (type 0)
Explanation:
ICMP or internet control message protocol is an Internet layer protocol in the TCP/IP suite. It works together with routing devices like the router to send messages based on results sensed in the network.
The RFC 1122 has stated that the ICMP server and end user application be configured or installed in user devices, for receiving and sending ICMP echo request packets and reply. The process is called pinging.
For an attacker to implement ping of ping, he needs to confirm if the target user in live by sending an ICMP echo request packet type 8, to receive an ICMP echo reply type0.
Answer:
64 K bytes = 65536 bytes
32 M bytes = 33554432 bytes
Explanation:
The question expect the number of bytes in binary instead of decimal. So this is important to understand that:
- 1K bytes = 1024 bytes (in binary)
Therefore,
- 64 Kb = 64 x 1024 = 65536 bytes
Using the similar calculation logic, we know
- 1M bytes = 1024 x 1024 = 1048576 bytes (in binary)
Therefore,
- 32 M bytes = 32 x 1048576 = 33554432 bytes
Answer:
a. (210^6)((210^7)/(2.510^8)) = 1.610^5 bits or 160,000 bits
b. 1.6*10^5 bits or 160,000 bits
c. Bandwidth delay product of link is maximum number of bits that can be in the link
d. Width of bit = Length of link / bandwidth-delay product so 1 bit is 125 meters long. Yes, this is longer than a football field.
e. Width of bit = s/R
Hope this helps :)