Skin reproduction, which occurs over and over
Answer:
When the solutions (including inside and outside) were replaced by NaCl, the membrane potential changes from a negative value of -60 mV to a positive value of + 60 mV.
Explanation:
According to the Nernst equation the potential of the membrane for a two-compartment model of a cell for positive gradient of K⁺ ions is V = - 60 mVlogK'/K where K' = inside concentration of K⁺ ions and K = outside concentration of K⁺ ions. For a 10 fold excess of KCl in the inside compartment, K'/K = 10. So,
V = - 60 mVlogK'/K = - 60 mVlog10 = -60 mV.
For a negative gradient of Na ions is V = + 60 mVlogK'/K where K' = inside concentration of Na⁺ ions and K = outside concentration of Na⁺ ions. (Since the cell is selectively permeable to Na⁺ ions. So, Na ions to not flow out but in.)For a 10 fold excess of NaCl in the inside compartment, K'/K = 10. So,
V = + 60 mVlogK'/K = + 60 mVlog10 = +60 mV.
So, when the solutions (including inside and outside) were replaced by NaCl, the membrane potential changes from a negative value of -60 mV to a positive value of + 60 mV.
Answer: A niche is the role an organism plays in the ecosystem.
Explanation: A niche also determines how the organism interacts with other organisms in an ecosystem
SA Node<span> which is also known as the sinus node, is the natural pacemaker of
the heart. It controls the heart rate by generating electrical impulses
and then sending electrical signals through the heart muscle, causing
the heart to contract and pump blood throughout the body. </span>
The SA Node is located in the outer layer of the right atrium of the heart, near the superior vena cava. It is made up of a group of cells (myocytes) positioned on the
wall of the right atrium, at the center of the heart and near the
entrance of the superior vena cava. These cells contract at a rate of
about 70-80 times per minute, which make up the natural heart beat.
