Photosynthesis is the process by which organisms use sunlight to produce sugars for energy. Plants, algae and cyanobacteria all conduct oxygenic photosynthesis 1,14. That means they require carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight (solar energy is collected by chlorophyll A).
Negative reinforcement increases the rate of a response; Punishment decreases the rate of a response.
Competitive Enterprise Institute.
According to the research, the statement is true, animal viruses often have glycoprotein spikes on their capsids or envelopes.
<h3>What are viruses?</h3>
It is an obligate intracellular parasite, small in size, made up of nucleic acid and protein.
They have a layer or envelope of lipids and glycoproteins, which they obtain from the cell membrane of their host cells, and which is used to inject genetic material into the cell.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the statement is true, animal viruses often have glycoprotein spikes on their capsids or envelopes.
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