There are 2 types of transport mechanisms that involve the movement of materials across the cellular membrane:
1. Passive Transport Mechanisms which is the movement of materials that does not require energy. Instead the movement relies on the permeability of the cell. Under this are three kinds of passive transport mechanisms:
a. Simple Diffusion:
- the movement of materials from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration. No external energy is necessary for the movement. The materials supply the energy themselves.
b. Facilitated Diffusion:
- This differs from simple diffusion because the movement is facilitated by proteins that make up the structure of the membrane. The proteins include channel proteins that allow ions and smaller molecules to cross the membrane. The other protein are the carrier proteins, which bind to materials like sugar molecules and move it across the membrane.
c. Osmosis:
- This is the diffusion of water across the membrane. Osmosis moves water from regions where there are more water molecules of water per volume to regions where there are less water molecules per volume.
2. Active transport on the other hand is a movement mechanism that requires energy. It uses the energy to send materials against the direction it is coming from through simple diffusion. This mechanism is used in a way to keep unwanted ions or other materials out of the cell.
A)test the effect of raising Ph on enzyme action
Answer:
A. 14.59
Explanation:
Firstly, rounding a number means making a number simpler but keeping its value close. So rounding 14.587020 means making it look less complex but making sure the rounded value is within range of the original value.
Next, we have to know that to round a number;
* Digits below 5 (<5) rounds down the next digit to their left i.e. we leave the digits the same and turn the rounding digit to 0.
* Digits above 5 (>5) rounds up the next digit to the left i.e. we add 1 to the next digit
Next, to round to 4 significant digits means we want to see only the first four non-zero digits in our value. Note that, all non-zero digits i.e. 1-9 are significant
Hence, 14.587020 will be:
= 14.587020
= 14.58700
= 14.59000
We have four (4) digits which are non-zero already, hence we stop here and remove all zeros to the right
Hence, 14.587020 to 4 significant digits is 14.59 i.e. 14.587020 ~ 14.59
