Superior vena cava- upper body inferior vena cava
lower body- bother drain into the right atrium
Birds, insects, and many reptiles excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of uric acid, which saves water.
Nitrogenous waste in the body tend to form toxic ammonia, which must be excreted. Mammals such as human excrete urea, while birds, reptiles, and some terrestrial invertebrates produce uric acid as waste in the form of a white paste or power. The production of uric acid involves a complex metabolic pathway that is energetically costly in comparison to processing of other nitrogenous wastes such as urea or ammonia, it has the advantages of reducing water loss and, hence, reducing the need for water.
The limbic cortex. Another area called the precuneus also plays a role.
Answer:
b.Movement of phospholipids in the plasma membrane from one monolayer to the other requires the polar or charged head groupd to enter the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. This process requires a large positive change in free-energy, thus making this type of movement unlikely without an input of energy
The plasma membrane serves a protective function for the cell and is a selective membrane for particles entry
