Explanation Answer:
The Rise of the Merchant Class In contrast, Northern and Central Italy had become far more prosperous, and it has been calculated that the region was among the richest in Europe. ... This change also gave the merchants almost complete control of the governments of the Italian city-states, again enhancing trade.
The last one
Answer:
The Pendleton emerged as a political reaction against the spoils system that was predominant in America at the time.
Explanation:
In the spoils system, government officials were not appointed based on merit, but based on political patronage, that is to say, government officials were appointed in exchange for political support, both ideological and financial.
The spoils system reached a height during the presidency of Andrew Jackson, and this created tensions in the political class.
For this reason, Congress adopted the Pendleton Act in 1883. This act determined that civil servants should be appointed based on merit. It even led to the creation of entry-exams for government officials. Finally, it also prohibited the demotion of government officials because of political reasons.
The Russo-Japanese War developed out of the rivalry between Russia and Japan for dominance in Korea and Manchuria. In 1898 Russia had pressured China into granting it a lease for the strategically important port of Port Arthur (now Lüshun), at the tip of the Liaodong Peninsula, in southern Manchuria.
Many poor Europeans were drawn to the colonies in the americas because they believed they could raise their social status in the colonies
The Germanic tribes invaded and ultimately destroyed the Western part of the Roman Empire in the 400s. The invasions took place around 406 BC. The fall of the Western Roman Empire did not happen in a day but it took about a 100 years for the empire to fall. I hope the answer helps you.
