Emilio Aguinaldo was a phillipino polititian and leader of the revolution, he among other instaurated the first phillipino government but failed to obtain the international recognition as a country, because Spain ceded the philipines, puerto rico and gunam to the United States government and with that the presidential run and government of Emilio Aguinaldo ended, he helped the Americans in their war against Spain greatly and eventually was defeated by the americans when they tried to fight them for independence.
Your 2nd and 3rd options are the correct answers. Monarchies were not quickly changed into democracies because it was much more complicated to change a government. You can't do that overnight.
