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Nucleus - control center</h2>
The nucleus is called the control center of the cell because:
- The genetic material which is the essence of life is hosted in the nucleus – the DNA-which presents the code of life or information or instructions regarding:
- The structure and function of each cell and the organ it is present,
- Numerous activities of life like reproduction, metabolism, growth, development, etc.
- The nucleus replicates the genetic information and passes to the new daughter cells, generation after generation to continue the life processes.
- The nucleus DNA transcribes the code or information for protein synthesis to the RNA to synthesize proteins in the body which carry out many essential functions in the form of structural proteins, antibodies, hormones, pigments, etc.
- The nucleus DNA synthesizes enzymes which carry out functions like metabolism.
enzymes are proteins that speeds up the rate of chemical reaction in a living organism . An enzyme acts as catalyst for specific chemical reaction, converting a specific sets of reactants called substrates into specific products with out enzymes life would not be exist
Explanation:
Enzymes are identified to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types. Most enzymes are proteins, although a few are catalytic RNA molecules. Enzymes' specificity appears in their unusual three-dimensional structures. Like all enzymes, enzymes improve the reaction rate by decreasing its activation potential.
Answer:
If an organism has a beneficial trait, they have a higher chance of survival, and if they can survive they can reproduce too.
Example: Speckled moths camouflage with the bark of trees and are not easily seen by predators. Black moths do not camouflage with the bark of trees and are easily seen by predators, therefore the black moths are eaten. Because the black moths have been eaten they cannot reproduce and pass on the trait for black wings to their offspring, but the speckled moths are able to reproduce because they survived and are able to pass on the speckled wing trait to their offspring.
Active transport: Movement of materials across a membrane that requires an input of energy from a cell. Movement of material against the concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration)
Passive transport: Movement of materials across a membrane that does not require energy from the cell. Movement of material against the concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration)
Hope this helps!
