Answer:
Pleiotropy
Explanation:
Pleiotropy is a condition that occurs when one gene affect several other phenotypic traits that are not related. The autosomal dominant allele of the genetic disease called blue sclera, is pleiotropic. It has the potential of causing also fragile bones and deafness which are entirely unrelated traits. Genetic mutation of a gene is the most likely explainable reason for the connection of these traits together.
In the X and Y chromosomes. 50% of your mom's genes are in the X chromosome, and 50% of your dad's in the Y.
The correct answer is: (a) RNA polymerase (along with its sigma subunit) can initiate transcription on its own.
More differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription:
• In prokaryotes transcription occurs in the cytoplasm (unlike in eukaryotes in nucleus) and it is simultaneous with translation,
• In prokaryotes there is only one type of RNA polymerase (in eukaryotes there are three types of them).
• There is no sigma subunit in eukaryotes, the initiation of transcription begins thanks to initiation factors.
• Promoter region in prokaryotes contains pribnow box, while in eukaryotes it contains TATA and CAT box.